Ten terms you should know in Operating Systems

There are 10 important terms that you must know it. When you finish read and understand the following terms you will find  7 multiple choice questions answer it and send your answers by email. let's start with the main term which is Operating system .

1. Operating system: Is a set of programs that lies between application software and the computer hardware. System software means all programs related to coordinating computer  operation, including the operating system, Programing language translators , and service program.

2. The kernel : most of which  remains  in memory,  is called  resident. The  kernel controls  the  entire operating system and loads into memory nonresident operating system programs from disk storage as needed.

3. platform: is a combination of computer hardware  and  operating  system  software  that  determines which application users can run on their systems.

4. Booting:  loading the operating system into memory called booting the system.

5. NOS : Network Operating System is designed to let computers on a network share resources such as hard disk and printers. A NOS supports resource sharing , data security ,  troubleshooting ,  and administrative control. Parts of the NOS run on the server computer ; whereas other NOS components run on the client computers.

6. Netware: is another popular NOS designed for the client/server environment .

7. Multiprocessing : means that a computer with more than one CUP can run multiple programs simultaneously , each using its own processor.

8. Multiprogramming : is running two or more program  in the same  time  frame,  concurrently on the same computer. Multiprogramming is  event-driven,  meaning  that one  program is  allowed to  use a particular resource ( such as CPU ) to complete a certain activity before relinquishing the  resource to another program. In Multiprogramming , the operating system uses interrupts , which are  signals  that temporarily suspend the execution of individual programs.

9. Time-sharing: is special case of Multiprogramming in which several people use one computer   at the same time . Time-sharing is time-driven; each user is given a time slice in which   the  computer  works on that user's tasks before moving on to another users tasks. Response  time is  the  time  between the user's typed computer request and the computer's reply.

10. Spooling : writes each file to be printed  temporarily  onto  a disk instead of printing it immediately . When this Spooling process is complete , all the appropriate files from a particular program can be printed.

multiple choice questions :

Answer the following questions and send the letter of the answer withe the number of the question

- for example:  (1-d /2-a...etc) -  to this email : nawaf.i.j@gmail.com and don`t forget to write your name and ID number in the email .

1-What does an Operating System consist of?

a. A set of users 

b. A set of programs 

c. A form of time sharing 

d. A kernel program 

2-In multiprograming, how can two or more program be executed?

a. By optimizing compilers 

b. Simultaneously

c. With two computers

d. Concurrently 

3- Time-sharing of resources by users is usually 

a. based on time slices 

b. event-driven 

c. based on input

d.operated by spooling

4- What is the main program in an operating system called?

a. Kernel

b.File manger 

c.Directory

d. NOS

5-What is the technique in shared systems that avoids mixing printout from several programs called?

a. Paging

b. Slicing 

c. Queuing 

d. Spooling

6- Part of NOS runs on client computers with where does the other part run?

a. Page frame 

b. Page table

c. server 

d. Host

7- What is loading the operating system into personal computer called?

a. Booting

b. Interrupting 

c. Prompting

d. Paging